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1. Ahimsa (Non-violence): Lord Mahavir emphasized the principle of ahimsa, or non-violence, as the cornerstone of ethical conduct. His teachings underscored the importance of refraining from causing harm to any living being, whether through physical, verbal, or mental means.
2. Truthfulness: Mahavir advocated for truthfulness in thought, speech, and action. He taught the significance of living a life of honesty, integrity, and sincerity, aligning one's words and deeds with the truth.
3.Non-attachment (Aparigraha): Lord Mahavir stressed the value of non-attachment to material possessions and worldly desires. He taught that true contentment and liberation are found by letting go of attachment to external things and cultivating inner peace and detachment.
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4. Celibacy (Brahmacharya): Mahavir upheld the practice of celibacy or sexual restraint as a means of conserving vital energy and transcending worldly desires. For monks and nuns in the Jain tradition, brahmacharya is an essential aspect of their spiritual discipline.
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5.Self-discipline: Lord Mahavir emphasized the importance of self-discipline and self-control in one's spiritual journey. He taught that by mastering one's thoughts, emotions, and actions, individuals can attain inner peace, clarity of mind, and spiritual advancement.
6. Compassion: Mahavir's teachings promote compassion and empathy towards all living beings. He encouraged his followers to cultivate a deep sense of empathy and kindness, recognizing the interconnectedness of all life.